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The present study aims to provide a comprehensive meta-analysis of the impact of project managers’ personality traits on project success. In this regard, five personality traits from the Five-Factor Model-extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness, and neuroticism-were examined, and the effect of each trait on project success was analyzed. Based on a systematic review of studies published between 2010 and April 2025, this research synthesized 35 effect sizes derived from nine different studies, analyzing data from a sample of 1,409 individuals. The findings indicate that project managers’ traits of extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and agreeableness have a significant positive impact on project success, whereas neuroticism has a significant negative impact. These results underscore the critical role of project managers’ personality traits in determining project success and can serve as a robust foundation for future research in this field. Furthermore, the findings offer valuable insights for the selection and development of project managers within organizations.